Today, the study A Review of Evidence: Passenger Exposure to Peanut and Tree Nut Allergens on Airlines was published by the Civil Aviation Authority, exploring the potential risks of nut allergen exposure for individuals with nut allergies during air travel. Allergy UK has issued a statement due to the potential for the study’s conclusions to be misinterpreted or oversimplified, which could lead to a dangerous relaxation of public attitudes towards nut exposure on aircraft and increase the risk for passengers with nut allergies.
While the study finds that the risk of nut particles circulating through aircraft ventilation systems is low, this should not be interpreted to mean air travel is completely safe for people with nut or any other food allergies. Although this headline finding may sound reassuring, the report is more nuanced and the situation more complex for a number of reasons.
The study highlights several unaddressed risks that need to be considered, such as the transfer of nut particles on surfaces like seats, trays, and armrests. This continues to be a significant concern for allergic individuals, especially in the case of airlines with short turnaround and cleaning times, such as low-cost airlines.
Ventilation
Additionally, this research focuses specifically on ventilation in relation to nut particles only. There is well-documented evidence of reactions to airborne particles from fish and shellfish, and dairy vapours within an aircraft. It is important therefore to remember that the risk of food allergen exposure on planes is multifaceted and can vary from allergen to allergen.
It is also critical to highlight that whilst the study points to evidence of a low incidence of anaphylaxis during flights, the authors also concede that the extensive precautions individuals with allergies take when travelling may contribute to this incidence remaining low. It is crucial not to misinterpret this data and conclude that the risk of anaphylaxis on an aircraft is negligible, but the study does provide some insight into the level of risk in comparison to the risks on the ground and out in the community.
Key safety recommendations
Notably, the study also recommends several key practices to help reduce the risk of severe allergic reactions to nuts on board. These include:
- Priority boarding for individuals with allergies.
- Cleaning packs with latex-free gloves for wiping down seating areas.
- A “buffer zone” around individuals with nut allergies.
- Ensuring two adrenaline auto-injectors (AAIs) are available in the onboard medical kit, with crew trained in recognising and treating anaphylaxis.
Simone Miles, CEO Allergy UK emphasises:
Any reconsideration of the no-nuts policy that is currently found on some aircrafts, can only be safely explored if these additional recommended safety measures are consistently implemented and enforced by airlines, with practices being monitored over at least 24 months to ensure effectiveness. Air travel must be safe and inclusive for everyone, and that means understanding and supporting the needs of those living with severe allergies who often have to travel with high levels of anxiety.
Allergy UK also believes that safety for all requires these measures to be applied internationally, not just in the UK, and that they should become enforceable best practices across the global airline industry.
Anxiety
Finally, it is key to always keep in mind the emotional toll of living with severe food allergies. For many, the anxiety around air travel is considerable. Greater public understanding is crucial to ensuring a more supportive experience for all travellers with allergies which is why we believe it is so important that the findings of this study are not oversimplified.
Allergy UK remains committed to advocating for the safety and wellbeing of the allergic community and will continue to work towards improving awareness, education, and safety measures in all public spaces.
